Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is a useful analytical method applied to identify the chemical composition of elastomeric materials. In Rocky Mountain Labs, FTIR analysis both routine and investigative activities by delivering quick, non-destructive identification of unidentified substances in rubber and elastomer samples. For material verification, quality assurance, or detection of foreign materials, FTIR is important in guaranteeing the integrity and functionality of elastomer-based components.
Why FTIR for Elastomers?
Elastomers—employed extensively in seals, gaskets, hoses, and molded parts—are multifunctional polymers that may incorporate a combination of fillers, plasticizers, and other additives. FTIR spectroscopy detects these materials by quantifying their unique infrared absorption bands, which indicate the presence of particular chemical bonds in the sample. Functional groups typical in elastomers, including carbonyls, ethers, and aromatic rings, exhibit specific signals that can be compared to known reference spectra.
Since elastomeric materials are subjected to high mechanical stress and chemical exposure, FTIR is particularly valuable in identifying degradation, contamination, or formulation modifications that can affect performance.
Uses at Rocky Mountain Labs
At Rocky Mountain Labs, FTIR analysis of elastomers is routinely applied for:
- Material Identification: Identifying the base polymer type (e.g., EPDM, NBR, SBR, silicone) in unidentified samples.
- Contaminant Identification: Determining foreign particulates or inclusions that can affect functionality.
- Comparative Studies: Analyzing differences between batches of production or determining compliance with material standards.
We excel in the analysis of solid or semi-solid elastomeric specimens and foreign objects lodged in or bonded onto rubber parts. FTIR is often combined with other methods, including SEM/EDS to give a more detailed evaluation when required.
Sampling and Technique
FTIR spectroscopy of elastomers in our laboratory is usually carried out by Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR), a technique for direct measurement of solid surfaces with little sample preparation.
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When contaminants are present, strict sampling minimizes the chance of mixing the foreign substance with the surrounding matrix, thus allowing characterization of the foreign material separately from the matrix.
Scope and Limitations
Although FTIR is very good at the identification of many typical elastomer types and impurities, FTIR is essentially a surface technique. It can fail to detect trace phases or nuances between highly similar materials. In filled or multilayered elastomers, FTIR can detect the major surface polymer, but not necessarily all of the internal components.
Also, note that Rocky Mountain Labs does not analyze by FTIR:
- Proteins
- Biomolecules
- Environmental samples
- Artwork
- Geologic specimens
- Evidence of a forensic nature
FTIR analysis on food and drug substances is done only in the area of foreign material identification.
FTIR analysis offers quick, accurate, and non-destructive information about the composition and possible contaminants of elastomeric materials. At Rocky Mountain Labs, our FTIR capability is used to assist customers in resolving material identification issues, aid in quality investigations, and identify root causes of product failures—guaranteeing the performance and reliability of key components in a variety of industries.
